Understanding stock values involves face value, book value, market value, and intrinsic value, each serving different purposes in assessing a stock's worth. Face value is static and used for bookkeeping, while book value reflects a company's net worth. Market value is the current trading price, and intrinsic value estimates the true worth based on fundamentals. Investors use these values to make informed decisions about buying, holding, or selling stocks, with strategies based on comparing market and intrinsic values.