NOTE: Comparing both Example:

Both pieces of code are correct, but they have slight differences in how they handle the completion message. Let me explain both and their differences:

Code 1: Using print Outside the Loop

# Initialize your score
score = 0

# While loop to keep playing the game until the score reaches 10
while score < 10:
    print(f"Your current score is {score}. Keep playing!")
    # Simulate earning a point
    score += 1  # This adds 1 to the score each time the loop runs

print("Congratulations! You reached a score of 10!")

Explanation

• The while loop runs as long as the condition score < 10 is true.
• Inside the loop, it prints the current score and increments the score by 1.
• Once the score reaches 10, the loop condition score < 10 becomes false, and the loop stops.
• The congratulatory message print("Congratulations! You reached a score of 10!") is outside the loop and executes after the loop has finished.

Code 2: Using else with the while Loop

# Initialize your score
score = 0

# While loop to keep playing the game until the score reaches 10
while score < 10:
    print(f"Your current score is {score}. Keep playing!")
    # Simulate earning a point
    score += 1  # This adds 1 to the score each time the loop runs
else:
    print("Congratulations! You reached a score of 10!")

Explanation

• The while loop runs as long as the condition score < 10 is true.
• Inside the loop, it prints the current score and increments the score by 1.
• The else block associated with the while loop runs after the loop condition becomes false.
• The congratulatory message print("Congratulations! You reached a score of 10!") is in the else block and executes after the loop has finished, just like in the first example.

Differences and When to Use Which

1. Code Structure:
• Code 1: The completion message is outside the loop. This structure is straightforward and common in many programming scenarios.
• Code 2: The completion message is inside the else block of the loop. This structure emphasizes that the message is part of the loop's normal termination process.
2. Usage of else:
• Code 1: This is a conventional way to handle post-loop execution.
• Code 2: Using else with the while loop can be useful for clarity, indicating that the code in the else block runs only if the loop terminates normally (without encountering a break statement).

Example with break

Here’s an example where using else makes a difference:

# Initialize your score
score = 0

# While loop to keep playing the game until the score reaches 10
while score < 10:
    print(f"Your current score is {score}. Keep playing!")
    # Simulate earning a point
    score += 1  # This adds 1 to the score each time the loop runs
    if score == 5:
        print("An unexpected event occurred! Exiting the game early.")
        break
else:
    print("Congratulations! You reached a score of 10!")

print("Game Over")

Explanation

• The while loop runs as long as score < 10.
• If the score reaches 5, the loop encounters a break statement, exiting the loop early.
• Because of the break, the else block does not execute.
• The message print("Congratulations! You reached a score of 10!") will not be printed if the loop is exited due to break.
• The final message print("Game Over") will always be printed after the loop, regardless of how the loop is exited.

Output

Your current score is 0. Keep playing!
Your current score is 1. Keep playing!
Your current score is 2. Keep playing!
Your current score is 3. Keep playing!
Your current score is 4. Keep playing!
An unexpected event occurred! Exiting the game early.
Game Over

Summary

• Both codes are correct and will print the congratulatory message after the loop finishes.
• Code 1: The message is outside the loop and always executes after the loop finishes.
• Code 2: The message is in the else block and executes only if the loop terminates normally (i.e., without break).

The choice between the two often depends on personal preference or specific requirements of your program. Using elsewith while can provide additional clarity in scenarios where distinguishing between normal and abnormal loop termination is important.